Reconfigurable 3D morphing substrates based on the multi-channel dielectric elastomer actuator integrated with the stretchable island-serpentine layer

Abstract

This study demonstrates the 3D shape morphing substrates using a multilayered, multi-channel dielectric elastomer actuator integrated with a stretchable island-serpentine electrode. The multilayered dielectric elastomer actuator integrated with an island-serpentine structure enables precise control of smooth, continuous 3D shape changes during high-voltage stimulations. Furthermore, we employ a multi-channel approach to realize complex and reconfigurable 3D shape morphing. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations and experimental results demonstrate significant out-of-plane deformations and its scalability for various applications. Based on these morphing characteristics, we present the application of the 3D morphing LED display. Additionally, potential applications requiring precise and large-scale morphological changes extend to haptic interfaces and stretchable electronics, dynamic displays and dynamic structural applications.