Single-Crystal-like Perovskite for High-Performance Solar Cells Using the Effective Merged Annealing Method

Abstract

We report a simple, low cost, and quite effective method for achieving single-crystal-like CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite leading to a significant enhancement in the performance and stability of inverted planar perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). By employing a merged annealing method during the fabrication of an IPSC for preparing the perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 film, we remarkably increase the crystallinity of the CH3NH3PbI3 film and enhance the device performance and stability. An IPSC with the indium tin oxide/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly-(styrenesulfonate)/CH3NH3PbI3 (active layer)/[6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester/Al structure was fabricated using the merged annealing method and exhibited significantly enhanced performance with a high power conversion efficiency of 18.27% and a fill factor of 81.34%. Moreover, since two separate annealing processes are merged in the proposed annealing method, the fabrication step becomes much simpler and easier, leading to a reduction in fabrication costs.