Event-Driven Neuromorphic Gaze Decoding via e-Skin Electrooculography

Abstract

Wearable eye-tracking technologies remain constrained by bulky optics, high power consumption, and reliance on external computation. We present a hardware–software codesigned electrooculography (EOG) interface that integrates ultrathin conformal e-skin sensors with resistive random-access memory (RRAM) crossbar, used to implement synaptic vector-matrix multiplication within a neuromorphic processing pipeline for real-time gaze decoding. Conformal e-skin sensors provide stable and continuous acquisition of both vertical and horizontal oculomotor signals, which are transformed into attention-guided spike features for classification by a lightweight spiking neural network (SNN). Implemented on an RRAM array with quantized weights after noise-aware training, the system achieves robust inference while substantially lowering latency and energy demand. The proposed framework is designed for local edge-level computation, thereby preserving user privacy and eliminating the need for cloud-based inference. By eliminating head-mounted optics, this glassless architecture enables unobtrusive and energy-efficient wearable interfaces. These results establish flexible bioelectronics with neuromorphic processors to advance immersive computing, assistive interfaces, and mobile health monitoring. © 2026 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society