Secure and high-capacity data storage via Fresnel-domain multiplexed optical encryption using Bessel-Gaussian speckle pattern keys

Abstract

This work proposes a multiplexed optical encryption method in the Fresnel domain using Bessel-Gaussian speckle patterns as physically unclonable functions (PUFs). These generated speckle patterns, formed through beam scattering, are unique and highly sensitive to input parameters, ensuring decryption only with exact keys. The proposed approach offers high PSNR and low MSE. It demonstrates strong potential for secure image transmission, Internet of Things (IoT) data protection, high-capacity optical data storage, and confidential communication systems.