Dynamic Compensated Reactive Power Droop Control for Islanding Detection

Abstract

Traditional islanding detection methods have primarily focused on Grid-Following (GFL) inverters. However, these methods are often ineffective for Grid-Forming (GFM) inverters due to their inherent voltage-source characteristics. While active detection methods are commonly employed for GFM inverters to overcome this, they typically degrade power quality and system stability by injecting continuous perturbations during normal operation. To address these limitations, this paper proposes an islanding detection method based on a dynamic droop control scheme incorporating a PCC voltage derivative term. Unlike conventional active methods, the proposed structure is designed to minimize the impact on the system during steady-state operation while selectively inducing a transient response only upon the occurrence of islanding. Eigenvalue analysis was performed to derive the effective gain range for stability and sensitivity. Additionally, a signal processing technique utilizing a high-pass filter (HPF), absolute value calculation, and low-pass filter (LPF) was implemented to extract the oscillation magnitude. To prevent false detection caused by transient oscillations during severe voltage sags, a decision interval of 100 ms was introduced. Experimental results verified that the proposed algorithm successfully detects islanding within approximately 180 ms, fully complying with IEEE Std 1547-2018 requirements. Furthermore, by resetting the derivative gain to zero immediately upon detection, the system seamlessly transitions to a stable standalone operation mode. Key word: Islanding detection, Grid-Forming (GFM) inverter, Dynamic droop control, Active detection method, Power quality Baek Gyungwan(백경완). Dynamic Compensated Rective Power Droop Control for Islanding Detection(아일랜딩 탐지를 위한 동적 보상형 무효전력 Droop 제어) College of Information and Computing, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. 2026. (pp.44.) Prof. Park Yong-Soon MS/EC 20241054