Molecular Level Controlled Polypyrrole Conducting Polymer from Two Monomer Connected Precursors for Electrochemical Applications

Abstract

Molecular-level controlled conducting, redox polymers and their nanocomposites are prepared to analyze their electrochemical properties. The electrochemical and electrical properties of these ordered polymers with enhanced properties are analyzed for practical use in electrochemical applications such as supercapacitor and organic electrochemical transistor (OECT). Chapter 1. Includes recently progressed in advanced polymers such as redox and conducting polymers. The various techniques with the enhancement of high crystallinity and ordered polymers structure. Applications of these ordered crystalline polymers in various fields such as organic electronics and different types of electrochemical devices. Chapter 2. A well-ordered polymer nanocomposite was prepared as a supercapacitor electrode based on sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) and a two-monomer-connected precursor (TMCP). Biphenyldisulfonic acid (BPDSA) linked to two pyrrole (Py) molecules renders the precursor monomer Py:BPDSA:Py. When the TMCP is polymerized on SGO sheets, the ordered polymer nanostructure is formed, as determined by high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. When the ordered polymer with a compact structure is grown on SGO sheets, the surface area of the nanocomposite is significantly increased. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements show that the nanocomposite has a significantly high surface area of 61 m2 g-1. The electrochemical results of the nanocomposite and sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) has a synergistic effect in improving the specific capacitance. The nanocomposite, which was prepared from P(Py:BPDSA:Py), and SGO shows excellent capacity retention. Chapter 3. An ordered crystalline polymer composite based on a two-monomer connected precursor (TMCP) and sulfonated multi-walled carbon nanotube (S-MWCNT) was prepared as a supercapacitor electrode material. A TMCP, anthaquinonedisulfonic acid (AQDSA) connected to two pyrrole (Py) monomers restrict the chain entanglement during polymerization. When the TMCP is polymerized on S-MWCNT, the ordered crystalline polymer composite is formed. as elucidated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) studies. The electrochemical performance result of the composite with S-MWCNT has a synergic effect to improve the specific capacitance. The crystalline polymer composite was prepared from P(Py:AQDSA:Py), and S-MWCNT showing excellent cycling stability. Chapter 4. Systematically study of the structure and electrochemical properties of crystalline polypyrrole-based organic electrochemical transistors using two-monomer connected precursors polymerization. The crystallinity and doping level of polymer films were controlled by using the connector variable mole percentage to pyrrole monomer. The ordered crystalline polymer films are formed as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) studies.