Comprehensive analysis of skin microbiome against age reveals skin restoration by specific skin microbiome

Abstract

The balance of skin microbiome has a closed relationship with skin condition in terms of inflammation, immune response and aging. However, the microbiome affecting to aging of skin and its mechanism are not explained sufficiently. Here, we investigate that Streptococcus are capable to improve skin cells as dependent on its species. We discover the different abundance of Streptococcus between old and young individuals through metagenomic analysis with 16s ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and identify their functions by whole genome analysis, in vitro assay and clinical analysis. Genetic analysis reveals that Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus infantis and Streptococcus mitis, isolated from facial surface of young individuals, have potential biosynthetic processes for anti-aging. Treatment of culture solution of isolated Streptococcus to skin cells induces gene expressions associated to skin structure and barrier function, as well as increases lipid components. Consequently, the facial conditions are also improved in terms of elasticity, moisture and desquamation. Together, we suggest age-related skin microbiome potential to rejuvenate skin.