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Abstract: Gait and balance are crucial for daily activities and overall quality of life. While straight gait declines after age 65, the ability to turn deteriorates from the 20s. Factors like walking speed and variability, particularly medial-lateral (ML) variability, impact gait stability and contribute to falls. Turning poses a higher injury risk than straight walking, yet most rehabilitation studies focus on standing or straight walking.
This study examines three hypotheses regarding balance in turning and gait sta- bility, involving curvature, contact conditions, and cognitive tasks: 1. Both forced contact and light contact improve balance during turning. 2. The contact effect increases with curvature and instability. 3. The passive mode is more effective than the active mode for balance improvement.
Twenty young participants underwent ten protocols varying touch conditions (No Touch; NT, Forced Touch; FT, Light Touch; LT), radius (1 m, 0.5 m), and speed methods (Active, Passive). Analysis with a 3-way ANOVA showed that ML variability was significantly reduced with Light Touch compared to No Touch across all turns. Increased curvature led to greater ML variability, and the active mode resulted in more gait asymmetry.
Findings validated the hypotheses: Light Touch improved stability more than Forced Touch, with no significant link between contact effect and curvature size. The active light mode also increased cognitive load, leading to instability.

Table Of Contents: Abstract i
Contents ii
List of Tables iv
List of Figures v
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
Chapter 2. Methods 5
2.1 Participants 5
2.2 Experimental Protocol 6
2.3 Experimental Environment 7
2.4 Turning Gait Experiment 9
2.5 Data Collection and Analysis 10
Chapter 3. Results 14
3.1 RMS ML 14
3.2 Step width and RMS Step width 15
3.3 Walking Speed 17
3.4 Stance time 18
3.4.1 Left Contact (LC) 18
3.4.2 Right Contact (RC) 19
3.5 Swing time 21
3.5.1 Left Contact 21
3.5.2 Right Contact 22
3.6 Stride time 22
3.6.1 Left Contact 22
3.6.2 Right Contact 23
3.7 Summary 24
Chapter 4. Discussion 25
4.1 RMS ML 25
4.2 Step width and RMS Step width 26
4.3 Walking Speed 27
4.4 Gait Phase 27
4.5 Non-significant factors 29
Chapter 5. Conclusion 30
5.1 Future works 31
References 32
List of Publications 38
국 문 요 약 39
감 사 의 글 40
Curriculum Vitae 42

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