Influence of precursor uniformity on the performance of Cu2ZnSnSxSe4−x thin film solar cells prepared by the sputtering method

Abstract

We report the effects of precursor uniformity on the efficiency of Cu2ZnSnSxSe4−x (CZTSSe) solar cells using sputtered precursors. The reduction of Sn cluster agglomeration in the Cu/Sn/Zn stacked precursor created synthesis of more uniformly distributed CZTSSe absorbers during the annealing process. The secondary phase difference between the 80W and 40W sputtered CZTSSe absorbers was confirmed with Raman analysis at 178cm−1 and 259cm−1. The 40W sputtered CZTSSe cell produced blue region enhancement of external quantum efficiency results due to improvement of the pn-junction properties. The CZTSSe 40W cells achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency of 5.7% and short-circuit current of 32.4mA/cm2. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.